Performance management Essay -- Business and Management Studies

Execution the board WPA needs to deal with the presentation of its workers adequately in the event that it is to stay serious. There are numerous techniques that WPA can use to deal with the exhibition of their workers. These strategies include: * Appraisal frameworks: Execution the executives is the framework wherein the workers are evaluated at normal spans so they are observed to tell the boss how they act in their occupations. This is normally be conveyed out by the employee’s chief, anyway it is down to earth to remember for the framework. Self assessment: This is the place the representative audits their own execution. Friend assessment: This includes a representative being looked into by associates who are at a similar level or even lower than the worker being observed. Standard evaluation causes WPA to improve the exhibition of the workforce; criticism is given routinely which permits WPA to without any problem distinguish if there is an issue, WPA likewise have a staff recommendation topic called ‘think’ this permits the workers to talk about and forward their sees with the goal that they are heard. The inspiration of the workers are improved as though a worker is functioning admirably they might be thankful for some consolation and a work of much obliged, anyway then again if the representative isn't doing so well they should be told and they need to recognize what is normal, if the presentation is low WPA give preparing and support and on the off chance that it is reliably beneath the measures of WPA then they utilize an ability proce...

Social Pressure on Individual Performance Essay -- Sociology

Managing Organisation for Direction and Motivation-myassignmenthelp

Question: Examine about theManaging Organization for Direction and Motivation. Answer: Presentation on the significance of initiative: Initiative is a pivotal component of the coordinating capacity of the executives in associations. In whichever place there are a gathering of individuals moving in the direction of a shared objective a specific sort of authority is fundamental to encourage the accomplishment of the objective. The principle intensity of administration lies in the intensity of reconciliation of all exercises in an association. The pioneer is liable for the incitement of the best abilities in every one of their subordinates. The pioneer is fundamentally an individual who gives dormant vitality to perform exercises in the entirety of the individuals working in the association. Significance of initiative as an administrative capacity: The significance of initiative in any kind of gathering capacity or movement is amazingly clear to be over underscored. The significant elements of a pioneer incorporate defining of objectives, arranging, inception of activity, co-appointment, course and inspiration, connect between the administration and workers among others. A pioneer helps in the defining of objectives for the better execution in the association. The administration work additionally includes appropriate osmosis of the authoritative necessities to allot singular capacities with the view to make reasonable abilities with segments for the touchy activity towards the objectives. Administration serves the capacity of impacting individuals to think or act in an unexpected way. Initiative in an association is likewise liable for the amendment of the imperfectness of formal authoritative connections. Picked association and pioneer to be met: The business chose for this specific task is the neighborliness business. The picked inn is the Park Hyatt Sydney. The name of the director to be met for this specific meeting examination is Mark Von Arnim, who is the General Manager of the picked lodging. It is realized that he assumed control over the Park Hyatt Sydney inn in the year 2012. Many believe him to be the pioneer behind its emotional change. The administrator was met with the assistance of a survey which was a meeting poll with open finished inquiries questions. The inquiries depend on the picked practice of administration which is material on account of his association. The meeting is useful for the individuals increasing a preferred position about the various difficulties which the chief countenances and the issues which are to be investigated and unraveled. Difficulties of the chief in the cordiality business: There are a few issues which the chief needs to look in the given business. The supervisors should be well disposed and be individuals whom the representatives and the clients can approach. They have to have brilliant relational abilities, deal with their time in a legitimate way, meet the consistently changing patterns of the inn business and considerably more (Suh, West Shin, 2012). It is seen that the advancement of innovation and offered benefits on the detect, the purchasers all over have started to anticipate that there will be an equivalent degree of comfort, personalization and effectiveness in whichever place they go and each sort of office which is reasonable for them. There regularly emerge necessities for long and sporadic work timings which are not incomprehensible in the accommodation business. It frequently happens that people who are workers of this industry may not be accessible all nonstop. In this manner it is alluring that the obligations are clarified to the individuals and the supervisors comprehend the significance of work hours (Solnet, Kralj Kandampully 2012). Evaluate and significance of authority in the friendliness business: There is colossal significance of authority characteristics of directors in the friendliness business. The financial changes have made lodging housing in top inns a matter of extravagance and henceforth it is even more fundamental to have pioneers who are fit for carrying their visitors to the inn entryway. The directors who are fit for displaying legitimate administration characteristics, likewise have the ability of either manifesting the deciding moment a specific business. The alluring aptitudes which an administrator can have in the business contain a legitimate harmony between relationship building abilities and business aptitudes. Relationship building abilities incorporate the idea of reasonable play among workers, regard, critical thinking capacities just as client relations. An administrator can be viewed as fruitful who is regarded by those individuals who work for the person in question. The most significant factor in this thought is whether the specific head is reasonable or not. It is alluring that administrators circulate duties, keep away from any kind of miniaturized scale overseeing, empowering accomplishment, along these lines making a position of work which is incredibly charming. Another significant and alluring aptitude of supervisors is their critical thinking capacity. On the off chance that directors have an appropriate psyche, superb verbal abilities and a flare for exchange, they are viewed as legitimate issue solvers. There are a few issues which may emerge whenever in the neighborliness business. Client relations are an exceptionally pivotal piece of the obligations of any supervisor. It is alluring that the client objections be tended to decently for all individuals concerned. An appropriate degree of trustworthiness and straightforward demeanor should be kept up under all conditions. Business aptitudes are significant for the administration administrators in the friendliness business which can't be under-assessed. These abilities incorporate an appropriate control of PC innovation, accounting forms, marketing prudence, etc. With the progression of innovation, educated directors are progressively attractive for the current business. Negotiating prudence is the ability of understanding the business end of the friendliness business. The dangers taken by the chiefs and the suspicions should be exact and in accordance with the changing idea of the cordiality business (Li, Sanders Frenkel, 2012). End: The accommodation business is confronting a considerable arrangement of difficulties at present. Certain difficulties are generally new and computerized in nature. The ascent of advanced business, the developing impact of portable an online life and a general decrease in the brand dependability are the current patterns in the inn business. In this way, more than organizers, coordinators or controllers, the administrators should be pioneers who need to heed their gut feelings and lead from the front. The real factors of the inn business situation should be obvious to the supervisor for him to viably lead the association he steerages. References: Li, X., Sanders, K., Frenkel, S. (2012). How leadermember trade, work commitment and HRM consistency clarify Chinese lavish inn representatives work performance.International Journal of Hospitality Management,31(4), 1059-1066. Solnet, D., Kralj, A., Kandampully, J. (2012). Age Y representatives: An assessment of work disposition differences.Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship,17(3), 36. Suh, E., West, J. J., Shin, J. (2012). Significant competency prerequisites for chiefs in the accommodation industry.Journal of friendliness, relaxation, sport the travel industry education,11(2), 101-112.

A Matter of the heart and Coach Knight Essay

Mentor K and Coach Knight both made critical progress during their school instructing vocations. The two mentors had the information, aptitudes, and capacities to lead their groups to various triumphs. Be that as it may, their ways to deal with this achievement were altogether different. Robert Katz and M.D. Mumford distinguished three aptitudes that pioneers ought to need to guarantee their adequacy and achievement. Those aptitudes included: specialized, human, and theoretical abilities. Robert Blake and Jane Mouton built up an administration lattice that showed practices of pioneers that depended on individuals and results. In light of these two authority models, the mentors were exceptionally differing on the techniques practiced to lead their groups. One mentor was increasingly worried about human aptitudes and advancement of individuals, while the other mentor was progressively centered around specialized expertise and results. In utilizing the Katz and later investigations of Mumford’s abilities approach, Coach K is committed in advancing the turn of events and development inside his group. He used his human aptitudes in his capacity to work with his group and other training staff to achieve their objectives (Northouse, p. 45). He made a domain of trust in where the group had confidence in his authority and one another. Mentor K urged his group to depend on each other’s thoughts and ideas and adjusted them into his direction of the group. He applied his specialized and theoretical aptitudes by making a common vision for the group and staff; while additionally utilizing his insight and capacities about ball to empower the group to arrive at triumph. Mentor Knight’s abilities and how they identified with the Katz and Mumford’s approach were marginally extraordinary. He used his specialized aptitudes with his group by furnishing them with instances of his experience and mastery of the game. Mentor Knight led explicit exercises and penetrates that would guarantee the group would be effective. He firmly accepted that physical action or the utilization of specialized aptitudes which include hands on action or procedures inside an association would ensure triumph (Northouse, p. 44). Creating an arrangement and a dream for his group, he pushed his players to take a stab at greatness. This was a case of his utilization of applied aptitudes. Be that as it may, Coach Knight needed human aptitudes. He has been scrutinized for being indifferent about the sentiments, considerations, and worries of others. The vast majority considered him to be a despot or tyrant. While investigating the mentors utilizing the Blake Mouton Grid, they are exceptionally disparate too. Mentor K shows the Team initiative outcomes. He is extremely worried about outcomes, yet is similarly as worried about his group and their individual needs. He works his group with consolation and inspiration for individual and authoritative outcomes. The group is headed to create results and is fulfilled or content with his initiative capacities. However, Coach Knight relates to the Authority-consistence the executives framework. He is centered around results by any and all conceivable means. This authority style is high on results and low on worries for individuals. Mentor Knight follows a severe framework with accentuation on approaches and techniques. He has been known to rebuff or end colleagues for not delivering worthy outcomes. Albeit the two mentors have encountered extensive achievement, they have two altogether different initiative styles used to achieve their objectives. While Coach K similarly guides his focus toward both assignment situated and relationship based authority, Coach Knight fixates his administration approach on just finishing undertakings and accomplishing results. Notwithstanding the particular natures of their authority proficiencies, the two men are regarded and profoundly respected in the b-ball network. References Adjusting undertaking and individuals â€oriented initiative: The Blake Mouton administrative framework. Recovered from http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_73.html Northouse. P. G. (2013). Initiative hypothesis and practice (sixth e.d.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Snook, S. A., Perlow, L. An., and Delacy, B. J. (2005 December 1). Mentor K: A matter of the heart. HBS No 9-406-044. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Publishing Snook, S. A., Perlow, L. An., and Delacy, B. J. (2005 December 1). Mentor Knight: The will to win. HBS No 9-406-043. Boston, Mama: Harvard Business School Publishing

PC SPECIFICATIONS TABLE Essay Example for Free

PC SPECIFICATIONS TABLE Essay A U.S. Armed force Colonel talked (utilize another word other than talked or rebuild the sentence with the goal that you won’t need to utilize the â€Å"talked†) about Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment issues at the SHARP (what is sharp?) preparing meeting. (I think this lede is somewhat ambiguous and exhausting) In the fight against rape and lewd behavior Col Howard Covington ceaselessly work in sending the message that we are bombing in this issue. â€Å"Working together is the thing that can give coherence of care to the people in question and cause them to feel that they are not left behind† said Col Harold Covington, an Executive official. He likewise showed that leaders are mindful to build up an order atmosphere that is sheltered to Soldiers fighters shouldn’t be underwrite and regular folks the same through preparing and instruction. â€Å"Many individuals had been harmed and numerous troopers have not been considered liable for their demonstrations since officers are neglecting to execute the â€Å"zero resilience policy† and permitting atmosphere of provocation to proceed in their units† said CPT Jen Taylor, a U.S. Armed force IG guide. We as a whole have an obligation to make a move to change our way of life to take out a â€Å"enemy that exists in our ranks† reacted Col Covington . We have to exhibit through our words and activities the significance in this issue. CW2 this isn’t an unmistakable title perhaps it ought to be spelled outMichael Dilts, a HR official said that to secure the people in question and re-guarantee they are not re-exploited must be a main goal in each order â€Å"we have the alternative of geologically separate the person in question and the asserted offender† the casualty has the inclination to demand her/his inclinations. He included. This is exceptionally befuddling and shouldn’t be a sentence however perhaps added to the past sentence or include more attributions SFC Angel Keen, a logistician NCOIC stated, â€Å"I’d seen situations where the casualty doesn’t have this alternative since authority organizes the mission first and not the casualty situation.† SFC Terry Brown said â€Å"many sex badgering circumstances don’t go ahead in light of the fact that there isn't observer or verification that episode happened, essentially end in her promise again his words.† He included, Situations like this are difficult to determine on the grounds that you don’t need to hurt a blameless or you don’t need a harasser be free (this ought to be in citations and for what reason is the circumstances promoted?). Col Covington reacted, â€Å"Reporting methodology are significant and each individual need to know them. We are falling flat in light of the fact that numerous people don’t realize what to do for a situation of lewd behavior or sexual assault.† We have to consistently send the message to everybody that we are not enduring sexual acts and our arrangement is by and by. CPT Taylor stated, â€Å"How would we be able to help those casualties that neglected to report sexual episodes since they feel accused and they imagine that no one will accept them.† Cold Covington reacted, â€Å"We need to continue sending the message to the casualties that we are here for help and to battle against rape and inappropriate behavior acts.† CW2 Michael Dilts said all troopers most be dealt with appropriately and prevail in a situation that permit them to accomplish their best potential. The Army’s SHARP strategies apply to everybody paying little mind to the positions, age, sex, and are sexual direction nonpartisan. â€Å"An individual’s sexual direction is an individual and private matter† he included. Army’s approach on inappropriate behavior covers Family individuals and troopers all day, every day. Interesting remarks are unwanted, undesirable and sexual in nature establish rape and is a wrongdoing. Col Covington stated, â€Å"We need to stop the compensation and wipe out the antagonistic condition in our Army.† In the event that we don’t begin working in these two regions, we won’t have the option to ensure our warriors. Inappropriate behavior is an infringement of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. Grumblings are prepared IAW AR 690-600 and 29 CFR Part 1614. Physical contact such asâ grouping and stroking establishes rape and is culpable under UCMJ, and other Federal and neighborhood non military personnel laws. (this isn’t a decent shutting section and I figure this ought to be towards the center of this article)

College Essay Examples - Find Your Writing Style

College Essay Examples - Find Your Writing StyleMany students choose to write their college essays using college essay examples. While these examples may provide a great way to go through your written work and understand the things you should include, they also can be a time suck.When writing a paper, you are usually given a short example that tells you how to write the next paragraph in a particular kind of writing. This makes it easier for you to follow along in your sentences and paragraphs, but many students find that they are not properly following the directions for the example and just skip right past it. This is the reason so many students are seeking out free and easy ways to avoid using this simple tool.The solution to this problem is to find free or easy ways to use your college essay examples. A writer should be able to read a variety of samples in order to understand what will be expected of them when writing the paper. This will also make it easier for you to memorize t he things you need to include in the topic section and not forget them while reading.One way to get the most out of the examples is to memorize the titles. For example, if the examples you have chosen are entitled 'Adjectives,' you might want to take a look at the adjectives a few times. You may find that you really like the way they sound and have a really good grasp on the things you need to know to write about them.Free and easy ways to use college essay examples are not difficult to come by. You can also find the information on the Internet. There are numerous examples available for all kinds of subjects, and there are some sites that offer hundreds of different examples.You can also find the material that you need from professional quality software. Many of these programs allow you to build an outline, format your content and then view examples on the screen in front of you. These software programs are also usually user-friendly and fast to load.Many students also use essay exa mples that they find online and with their college textbooks. This is especially true for those who want to go through a large text and still have the topics covered. Once again, this can be done with ease and will save you a lot of time while writing your paper.Finally, when you find free and easy ways to use college essay examples, you will find that you have more success when you write your paper. They can be found all over the Internet and you should be able to use as many as you need to. This will make it easier for you to write the paper and give you a better chance of passing it.

Mission statement for Marks and Spencer - Free Essay Example

1.0: Introduction In this report a critical analysis on Marks and Spencer Plc is presented to the reader emphasising upon key theoretical areas to identify whether the argument of Scott (2003)[1] that an organizationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s goals and not the key to understanding the organization no more than the origin of the organization, structure, culture, technology, and other strategic elements of the organization. In this report the four theoretical concepts of strategy listed below are analysed on the company or interest: Marks and Spencer Plc UKà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s retail giant. Organisational purposes, stakeholders and ethics Environmental sensitivity and scanning Effectiveness: Added value and success Processes, functions and their management The analysis presented in this report aims to identify whether the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s mission statement (or goal) provides a better understanding of the organization on its own than the aforementioned. 2.0: Mission Statement or goals of Marks and Spencer Plc Marks and Spencer Plc is a century old retail sector organization that has seen tremendous growth in the retail business across the globe through innovative methods of business and marketing (Data monitor, 2004[2]). The companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s mission statement or the goal as stated in its corporate website is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“To make aspirational quality accessible to allà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [3] From the mission statement of the organization it is clear that the organizationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s goals are mostly implicit in nature (i.e.) the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s goals are not explicitly mentioned. Gerry Johnson and Kevan Scholes (2003)[4] argue that the organizational goals play a vital role in reaching the customers and of strategic importance. This is not only because of the increase in the awareness among the customers and stakeholders but also due to the increase in the competition because of which the competitors try to communicate their company values to attract new customers as well as retain existing customers. Furthermore, Richard Lynch (2003)[5] argues that the goals of the organization when communicated through the mission statement of the company not only should be explicit but also provide a concrete statement that is not misleading. In the light of this argument, an insight into the mission statement of marks and Spencer Plc not only proves it is misleading but also justifies that it is rather elusive in nature sending mixed signals to the external environment. Since the mission statement derives the goals of an organization and the increasing tendency of the organization to communicate the mission statement has justified that the mission statement of the organizat ion should be explicit in communicating its values and goals. Asda Plc: UKà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s second largest food retailer (company profile, 2005[6]) on the other hand communicates its mission statement as follows à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“To be Britains best value retailer exceeding customer needsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Alwaysà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [7] From the above statement it is clear that the company is explicitly communicating that its goal it to provide best value goods and services to the customers. In the next section a critical analysis on Marks and Spencer in the light of the theories identified is presented to the reader prior to concluding the report. 3.0: Organisational purposes, stakeholders and ethics An analysis of the annual report 2005, of Marks and Spencer Plc has established that the purpose of the organization is mainly to high quality and value added service to the customers through continuous innovation. The profits announced by Marks and Spencer has furt her justified that the company not only strives to increase its sales but also its revenue and satisfy its stakeholders and customers. Alongside, the statement by Stuart Rose, the CEO and director of the company to focus the business on increasing the profits and reducing costs has justified that the company is focused on retaining its goal on quality and value added products focused on high income group of the nation. The fact that the increase in competition especially from other retail chains like TESCO Plc, Asda Plc in the form of price competition has not only hindered the company sales but also reduced its market share as argued by Steve Burt (2002)[8]. Steve Burt (2002) further argues that Marks and Spencer Plc has not only seen fall in revenue due to the competition but also due to the issues faced within the organization that was overcome by the then Chairman of the organization Luc Vandevelde (annual report, 2002[9]) who revived the organization form severe loss to stabili se the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s market growth in the early years of twenty-first century. An insight into the company profile further reveals that the purpose of the organization is to specialise in the mi-priced merchandise in clothing, food and household goods categories. Alongside, it is also clear from the business review of the company that the business goal of the organization is to maximize its profits in order to meet the stakeholder demands as well as increase its market share which further justifies the ethical factors embraced by the organization to benefit its customers with quality products as well as its stakeholders whose investment is essential for the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s continuous growth. 4.0: Environmental Sensitivity and Scanning From the analysis of the company profile it is clear that the company is highly sensitive to both the external environment as well as the operating environment to the business. 4.1: External environment The compan yà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s effective deployment of the centralised supply chain management system to accomplish a central warehouse integrating its stores as well as the suppliers to accomplish prompt delivery of goods is an outstanding example for the technological awareness of the company. The use of the environment friendly methods to dispose its waste and the use of recycled products like recycled paper, safety wear for warehouse personnel further justifies the ecological awareness of the company and its initiative to be eco-friendly. Alongside, the effective deployment of the delivery system by reducing the number of truck deliveries to the stores and warehouses in order to reduce the emission into the environment is an incomparable example for the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s effectiveness in environmental sensitivity. 4.2: The operating environment Unlike the external environment, the Operating environment predominantly focuses upon the business operation and its capability to effectively compete in the target market. The company deployment of innovative fashion strategies (company profile, 2005) and the ability to provide extensive product range in every category of the products not only justifies the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s ability to meet the operating demands of the business but also justifies its sensitivity to the environment. Furthermore, the intriguing fact that the company has not only deployed effective advertising strategies but also in targeting the right market segments as argued by Alexandra Jardine and Laurel Wentz (2005)[10] further justifies the ability of the company to respond to the operating environment demands to effectively compete in the business. 5.0: Effectiveness: Added Value and Success An insight into the primary activities of the value chain of Marks and Spencer Plc is presented to the reader below. Inbound Logistics: The companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s effective inventory management which is not only computerise d to the local store but also connected to the warehouse in order to effectively identify the threshold level of every item in stock proves that the company is focused in prompt delivery of the products to the shop floor. Operations: The operations of the company especially in case of the online retail version of the company where the company pioneers in an integrated system to manage the distribution of the goods and services ordered by the customers promptly. Alongside, it is also interesting to note that the deployment of the Microsoft .NET architecture to integrate the online order management system like Amazon.co.UK the leading online book retailer (Microsoft news, 2003[11]) further justifies the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s effectiveness in adding value. Outbound Logistics: Not only the company excels in the prompt delivery of the ordered goods and services (Isla Gower, 2004[12]) but also deploys effective logistics methodology to increase the efficiency of the overall sup ply chain management. This is accomplished by the reduction of the storage space and increasing the shop floor area to customers at stores as well as integrating the suppliers in the supply chain thus reducing the storage level at the warehouse. The above statement makes it clear that the company has accomplished effectiveness through value addition to the overall business as well as the customers in the outbound logistics category. Sales and Marketing: The companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s investment on sales which has increased since the year 2000 (Isla Gower, 2004) as well as the deployment of effective and innovative marketing strategies like the Customer Relationship Marketing and advertising strategies. The seasonal promotion activity in the clothing segment of the business is a classical example for the effectiveness in the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s marketing and advertising strategy. Servicing: the dedicated customer service team that meets the demands of the customer servic e for the organization as sated in the company profile justifies that the company not only considers the cost reduction and sales escalation as a primary activity but also to provide effective customer service in order to retain the existing customer and attract new customers makes it clear that Marks and Spencer has indeed accomplished value addition and effectiveness in its primary activities. 6.0: Process, Functions and their Management The analysis of the company profile (2005)[13] has revealed that the take over by Stuart Rose as the CEO and director of the company has not only streamlined most of the business process but also increased the overall efficiency of the inbound logistics. The strive by the company to reduce its costs through the effective management of the resources as well as focusing on the sales through value added services justifies this statement. Alongside, the approach of the company as a pioneer in selling quality products and services not only justif ies the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s effectiveness in the process management but also justifies its overall goal of increasing sales and providing value added services to the customers in the target market. The take over by Stuart Rose in 2004 has not only seen streamlining of the business process but also in its overall function as a competitor in the UK as well as the global market. This is evident from the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s initiative in increasing its global market share whilst utilising the outsourcing the strategy to reduce costs as well as provide value-added service to the customers. The fact that the company has effectively accomplished the process of serving its customers (buyers in the retail market) as well as its clients (strategic clients who are involved in business development and operations) justifies the efficiency of the company to accomplish its goals. The effective management of the Far Eastern operations of the company through the deployment of the local knowledge and human resource whilst accomplishing the overall goal of providing unmatched quality products to the customers in the target market is a notable example for the aforementioned argument. 7.0: Conclusion The analysis of the mission statement of Marks and Spencer Plc in section 2 and the strategic analysis of the company in section 3,4,5 and 6 have revealed that to understand the company it is necessary to understand the company in the light of the strategies deployed rather than the analysis of the goals. It is also clear that the strategic analysis of the company will not only provide a clear understanding of the company but also help the stakeholders and the customers to appreciate the goals of the company rather than the mere mission statement, which in most cases can send mixed signals to the customers and stakeholders. Thus to conclude this report the argument of Scott (2003) that the mere knowledge of the goals of an organization will not provide a bett er under standing of the company than the origins, stake holders technology, process, outputs and environmental forces. References Books Gerry Johnson and Kevan Scholes, (2003), Exploring Corporate Strategy: Text and Cases, UK: Prentice Hall Richard Lynch (2003), Corporate Strategy, UK: Prentice Hall Scott, W.R. (2003), Organizations: Rational, Natural and Open Systems, 5th ed., New Jersey, Prentice Hall. Journals and Reports Alexandra Jardine and Laurel Wentz (2005), Twiggy beefs up sales at Marks Spencer. Advertising Age, 10/17/2005, Vol. 76 Issue 42 Annual Report and Accounts (2002), Marks and Spencer Plc, UK Company Profile, (2004), Marks and Spencer Group Plc, UK: Data Monitor Company Profile (2005), Asda Group Limited, UK: Data monitor Isla Gower (2004), UK Retailing à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" market Review, UK: Key note Ltd Microsoft News, (2003), Marks Spencer trials Smartphones, UK Steve Burt (2002), The Failure of Retail Internationalisatio n in Marks and Spencer. European Retail Digest, Sep2002 URLs: Marks and Spencer Corporate website, URL: https://www2.marksandspencer.com/thecompany/mediacentre/yourquestions/generalfaq/q3.shtml Asda Company Analysis, (2002) URL: https://www.www2wk.com/evidence/evidence2.asp?id=1220qid=1 Footnotes [1] Scott, W.R. (2003), Organizations: Rational, Natural and Open Systems, 5th ed., New Jersey, Prentice Hall. [2] Company Profile, (2004), Marks and Spencer Group Plc, UK: Data Monitor [3] Marks and Spencer Corporate website, URL: https://www2.marksandspencer.com/thecompany/mediacentre/yourquestions/generalfaq/q3.shtml [4] Gerry Johnson and Kevan Scholes, (2003), Exploring Corporate Strategy: Text and Cases, UK: Prentice Hall [5] Richard Lynch (2003), Corporate Strategy, UK: Prentice Hall [6] Company Profile (2005), Asda Group Limited, UK: Data monitor [7] Asda Company Analysis, (2002) URL: https://www.www2wk.com/evidence/evidence2.asp?id=1220qid=1 [8] Steve Burt (2002), The Failure of Retail Internationalisation in Marks and Spencer. European Retail Digest, Sep2002 [9] Annual Report and Accounts (2002), Marks and Spencer Plc, UK [10] Alexandra Jardine and Laurel Wentz (2005), Twiggy beefs up sales at Marks Spencer. Advertising Age, 10/17/2005, Vol. 76 Issue 42 [11] Microsoft News, (2003), Marks Spencer trials Smartphones, UK [12] Isla Gower (2004), UK Retailing à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" market Review, UK: Key note Ltd [13]

The Holocaust Survivor - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1794 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/04/26 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Holocaust Essay Did you like this example? Even in his old age, Vladek still does his best to take care of himself as he pedals on his bike. This tendency was hard-wired into him during his time in the concentration camps: only the fit and the strong survived as they were valued over those who were weak and sick. Artie has clearly talked about chronicling Vladeks life during the war before, and Vladek suggests he sticks to what he is good at instead, apparently reluctant to reopen old wounds. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Holocaust Survivor" essay for you Create order In the fifth panel of the page, Vladeks prisoner number can be seen: one of the few remaining tangible reminders of the horrors he endured in the camps. It also hammers in the fact that Vladek is a survivor and that the Holocaust as it is for all survivors will always be a part of him. Artie is Jewish; however, he is not a Holocaust survivor like his father. Vladek may be in denial or does not realize it, but Artie knows that Vladeks experience as a survivor is a tremendous responsibility. Artie knows he is not fit to tell Vladeks story, he has never met any of the people in Vladeks life and does not have all of the information necessary to authentically depict the scenes Vladek describes. However, that does not change the fact that Arties family was almost wiped off the face of the planet during the Holocaust and he feels an obligation to preserve Vladeks memories out of respect for the suffering he endured and ensure the atrocities of the Holocaust are never forgotten. However, it is also worth noting that Arties first question about his fathers past shows how little he truly knows about him and how fragmented their relationship is. He does not even know how his own parents met. This foreshadows more unrest to come in later chapters. It is also a stark contrast f rom Vladeks life where familial bonds were an integral part of human life, even going so far as to sustain them and kept them alive. Artie is clearly distant from his family and very independent of them. Vladek and Mala are not happy together, but her and Artie seem to get along reasonably well. Artie treats her with respect and ignores Vladek when he tries to speak poorly of her, suggesting that perhaps Mala is not as bad as Vladek says she is. Arties stories about food and the dinner table hint at deep tension and brokenness and unhappiness in his family that everyone present at the table wishes not to address. Both Artie and Vladeks relationships have been fractured by the ruin of the Holocaust and the trauma brought by Anjas suicide. However, they are both selfish and neurotic, and both are too proud to address their shortcomings. The Holocausts effects on Vladek are also present in almost every aspect of his life, especially in his interactions with Artie. It is apparent that even from the beginning of the first novel where Vladek asks Artie to test the sincerity of his friends by locking them together in a room with no food for a week, that the Holocaust has shaped Arties entire life. He finds himself unable to relate to many of his fathers seemingly strange habits and mannerisms. Artie even tells his wife Francoise that he sometimes he could have been in Auschwitz with his family so he could better know what they went through and how it impacted them. Vladek is shown to be controlling and presumptuous by pitching Arties coat. He believes he knows better than Artie and Artie like a young child cannot make his own decisions. Vladek still thinks of Artie as a child despite the fact he is very much grown up. Artie tries to prove himself a man by berating Vladek but he is still forced to accept the hand me down, and like a child, he still has to what Vladek wants, even though it aggravates and that he is an adult. Artie strives to be as honest and upfront about Vladeks shortcomings as he can. He knows that despite all of the admirable qualities Vladek displayed, Vladek is not an uncomplicated, flawless hero and it would do Vladek a disservice to depict him as such. However, an unambiguously positive portrait would serve also allow Artie to vent his frustrations towards Vladek, which often seems to be the case. Artie is also distant from the love and compassion of his Jewish roots that his family displayed during the war even when they had little reason to live or persist living. This disconnect does not enable Artie to relate to what Vladek does or even see the good intent behind his actions although presumptuous. 4.) Vladek grows sick of hiding and wishes to be treated like a human once more. His frustration is justified, but regardless, he displays remarkable recklessness and stubbornness in asserting his decisions. He does not make an effort to understand Anjas anxieties nor does he exhibit any sympathy towards her. In such times of persecution, familial connections and friends were a crucial aspect to Vladek and Anjas survival. Parents, siblings, cousins, and friends all helped one another in any way they could even if they were not close before the war. While he is insensitive and reckless in this particular panel, Vladek still cares deeply for Anja, and Anja even states in a letter in Auschwitz that the fact he is alive is the only thing keeping her from throwing herself into the electric fence. All they had was each other, and Jewishness as Artie knew it became synonymous with survival under these circumstances. Artie is sharing his childhood insecurities with Francoise and how uncertain he was about his relationship with his parents. It also reveals the livings tendency to glorify or valorize the dead. Richieu did indeed die a tragic death, but he was still an ordinary person like Artie. Vladek and Anjas laud of Richieu was indeed a coping mechanism but revering his memory created tension among the living that was almost never resolved. Despite how hard Vladek has supposedly tried to forget about the Holocaust, he can recount the events in extraordinary detail and often cannot help becoming emotional as he relives his memories. He weeps when he remembers four of his friends hung in Sosnowiec and displays profound, parental grief when speaking of Richieu. Vladek displayed love and compassion constantly towards those around him, and that is what makes his memories so painful. Love like it did for so many Jews during the Holocaust, gave their lives meaning when the tyranny of the Nazi regime had taken all other reasons. Because Vladek and Anja loved so profoundly, they consequently hurt and mourn deeply as well. Nevertheless, comparing Artie to the memory of Richieu was unhealthy and contributed to Arties inferiority complex and widened the gap between him and Vladek. This panel portrays a number of different reactions to Vladeks life which perhaps represents how contemporary generations view the Holocaust. Artie remains firm in compartmentalizing his life and Vladeks, keeping them distant from one another. Francoise is sympathetic and tries to be very kind to Vladek in light of what he had to endure. The grocery store manager likely wished to end the conversation early and give Vladek what he wanted and instead of hearing the tales of cruelty and tragedy that Vladek had to endure. Both Artie and Vladek have a duty to share their experiences with the world. Both the survivors and those whose lives were touched by the tragedy have an obligation to share. By sharing, they contribute to the larger narrative of the Holocaust and help generations to come to make sense of the tragedy. Artie wrestles with whether or not it is right for him to share these experiences at all as he was not present and feels it is often not is place. The stories of the living, stories of triumph and overcoming impossible odds are often told, but in doing so, the perspectives of the dead are often forgotten. Artie is afraid he will misinterpret what Vladek tells him and in doing so dishonor the living and the dead. Nevertheless, while he cannot relate to the Holocaust the way that Vladek can, he has been molded by the tragedy, and the legacy of the event transcends generations. The Jewish people as a whole share it. While he is apparently willing to use his past to his advantage, Vladek st ill feels compelled to help Artie create an account worthy of the truth and gives those who cannot speak for themselves a voice. The mask that Artie wears is symbolic of his feeling of falsehood. He does not feel like he is worthy of his identity as a Jew and feels as though the story is not his to tell that he is profiting off the dead. He is unable to disconnect himself from his book, and his book persona has become intertwined with his real self. The dates he names show the passage of time as well as touching upon the thought of life and death and how they are interlocked in regards to the Holocaust. Artie is overwhelmed by the demands of success and his fear of doing the survivors and those who have perished a disservice. His ears and hair are visible from behind the mask he wears. The head of the mouse connects Jews over all nations and generations which suggests Artie feels as though he is a fraud and is hiding his true self. He feels as though he is unlike his parents and other Jews. This shows his anxiety about profiting off of a story that he feels he has no right to tell. The tombstone shows that Vladek and Anja are reunited in death. There is undoubtedly pain and complication that will persist after Vladeks death, but the peaceful grave quells these concerns. This is clearly a tribute to Arties love and forgiveness towards his parents. Artie knows that death does not resolve the relationship between him and his parents, but it is still a sign that Artie has moved forward and that love persists despite the conflict they endured in life. Artie has relinquished his anger and respects their memory peacefully. His story does not have an easy or pleasant ending, but Artie acknowledges the fact that he needs to let go. Arties peaceful release does not placate his wounds and suffering nor does it mend what his parents endured. The significance and depravity of a story such as theirs perhaps has no redemption. The last page shows that Artie must settle for some semblance of a resolution and learn to live with pain and anguish when he is unable to vanquish it himself.

Harley Davidson case analysis -- with IFE, EFE, CPM, and...

INTRODUCTION Company Mission Statement: We fulfill dreams through the experience of motorcycling, by providing to motorcyclists and to the general public an expanding line of motorcycled and branded products and services selected market segments Company Vision Statement: Harley-Davidson is n action-oriented, international company, a leader in its commitment to continuously improve our mutually beneficial relationships with stakeholders (customers, suppliers, employees, shareholders, government and society). Harley-Davidson believes the key to success is to balance stakeholders interests through the empowerment of all employees to focus o value-added activities Current Strategy: Differentiation Strategy Relevant History: à ¶In†¦show more content†¦The Marketing efforts are divided among dealer promotions, customer events, magazine and direct mail advertising, and public relations. Harley also sponsors racing activities and special promotional events and participates in all major motorcycle consumer shows and rallies  ·Independent distributor in Sweden has developed a floating store and restaurant  ·Spanish local distributor is adding some new dealers to meet the increasing demand Corporate Culture: - Competitive - Goal-Oriented - Creative Internal Evaluation Matrix Internal Strengths WeightRatingWeighted Score 1. Loyalty of its Customers .104.4 2. Harley is the only major American motorcycle manufacturer.104.4 3. Most admired and recognized companies in the world.053.15 4. Has strong financial position/performance.124.48 5. Features, styling, and high performance of its product.053.15 6. Strategic Management.104.4 7. Harleys name is widely recognized in Australia.053.15 8. Harley has used the industry in domestic sales of heavyweight motorcycles.104.4 9. Harley has double-digit growth in both revenue and earnings for more than a decade.053.15 Internal Weakness 1. The resale price for a used Harley-Davidson motorcycle is higher than its competitors .082.16 2. The performance segment of the market is served by the Buell motorcycle line.051.05 3. The price of its products are

Swot Analysis Of Procter Gamble - 1181 Words

Introduction Procter Gamble started as a small soap and candle company in 1937. Since then, Procter Gamble (PG) has grown to be a global leader in the manufacturing and selling of household products. Over the years, PG has been instrumental in the innovation of common corporate practices, such as employee profit-sharing programs, market research, and brand-management systems. The multinational corporation sells its products (at least 250 household products) through a well-structured system of mass merchandisers, grocery stores, department e-commerce, and other specialty stores, like beauty or baby stores, in more than 170 nations across the globe (Frank, 2017). Procter Gamble business segments include the following categories;†¦show more content†¦Besides, PG faces strong competition from Colgate Palmolive and Unilever as the main rivals. 2014 2015 2016 P G Revenue $74,401 $70,749.00 $65,299.00 Net Income $11,463.00 $7,036.00 $10,508.00 ROS 0.15 0.09 0.16 Unilever Revenue $48436.00 $53,272.00 $52,713.00 Net Income $5,171.00 $4,909.00 $5,184.00 ROS 0.11 0.09 0.09 C L Revenue $17,277.00 $16,034.00 $15,195.00 Net Income $2,180.00 $1,384.00 $2,441.00 ROS 0.12 0.08 0.16 Consequently, the company undertook a massive transformation in its strategic structure by decreasing its brand portfolio by 100 products to increase efficiency. Amidst all these, PG investors are losing patience and calling for a strategic restructuring to stimulate sales growth. The five forces analysis by Michael Porter Porter’s is a tool for evaluating, assessing the competitive advantage and business situation of a corporate entity. Fundamentally, five forces analysis identifies the business strengths of an organization, pointing weaknesses and avoiding mistakes. Components of the five forces analysis include the supplier power, buyer power, competitive rivalry, threat of substitution, and the threat of new entry. In this case, the most important forces that can potentially impact PG’s profitability growth is competitive rivalry and the threat of new entrants in the market. The force with the strongest intensity is aShow MoreRelatedSwot Analysis Of Procter Gamble856 Words   |  4 PagesCase Study Analysis Procter Gamble (P G) Proctor and Gamble is an American corporation dealing in consumer products. The company markets its range of goods to different global regions having expanded to new markets over time. Among the consumer products offered by Procter and Gamble include cleaning products, pharmaceuticals, and personal care supplies among other products (Proctor Gamble Company Case Study Analysis, 2016). 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The Geography Of Ancient Egypt - 1510 Words

Ancient Egypt was one of the most powerful and innovative civilizations. As one of the six civilizations to arise independently, Egypt eventually became one of the most influential nations that lasted over three thousand years, from 3000 B.C to around 30 B.C Egypt boasted of strong leaders, a rich culture, a hierarchical society, and the source of much of it’s wealth, the Nile. The Nile provided the Egyptians with necessities like food, water, transportation, building supplies, and more. Using the resources they were provided with and their knowledge, the Egyptians were able to create a unique civilization that has been able to be preserved and acknowledged as one of the most powerful civilizations to ever exist on Earth. The geography†¦show more content†¦In addition, the nile flooded annually renewing the lands with rich black soil and helped support life and the growth of a great civilization (English-Online). All aspects of the geography of Ancient Egypt were impe rative for it to evolve and prosper as an Ancient civilization. The government of Ancient Egypt brought order and stability to the civilization, while also being combined with religion. Egypt’s government revolved around a pharaoh, who was seen as the head of state and the divine representation of the gods on earth. In order to ensure the welfare of the people, the Pharaoh would have advisors, priests, officials, and administrators. The land of Egypt was divided into 42 Nomes, or city-states, which were led by Noble governors who were appointed by the Pharaoh (TimeMaps). The legal system of Ancient Egypt was based on common sense and followed the teaching of Ma’at, the goddess of justice. Taxation was also heavily implemented on the Ancient Egyptians to allow the wealthier people of society to maintain lavish lifestyles (Aldokkan). The military was not a big part of Egyptian life, and was not very advanced. In ancient Egypt, the rulers were usually the son of the curre nt pharaoh or the declared heirs. Pharaohs had a main responsibility, to maintain universal harmony, using their absolute power. Therefore, rulers in Ancient Egypt were more assertive and self-assured than harsh. To reiterate the combination of religion and

Robert Graves And Wilfred Owen Essay Example For Students

Robert Graves And Wilfred Owen Essay Although the poems Recalling War by Robert Graves and MentalCases by Wilfred Owen are both concerned with the damage that war does tothe soldiers involved, they are different in almost every other respect. Owenspoem examines the physical and mental effects of war in a very personal anddirect way his voice is very much in evidence in this poem he has clearlyseen people like the mental cases who are described. It is also evident thatOwens own experiences of the war are described: he challenges the reader withterrifying images, in order that the reader can begin to comprehend the causesof the madness. Graves on the other hand is far more detached. His argument isdistant, using ancient images to explore the immediate and long-term effects ofwar on the soldier. The poem is a meditation on the title, Graves examining thedeveloping experiences and memories of war with a progression of images andmetaphors. Mental Cases is a forceful poem, containing threesubstantial stanzas which focus on different aspects of Owens subject. Thefirst stanza is a detailed description of what the mental cases look like. Their outward appearance is gruesome, Baring teeth that leer likeskulls', preparing the reader for the even more horrifying second stanza. The second verse concentrates on the mens past experiences, the deaths theyhave witnessed and the unimaginable nightmares they have lived through:Multitudinous murders they once witnessed. The last stanza concludesthe poem, explaining how the mens lives are haunted by their experiences, theygo mad because the past filters into every aspect of their present lives, themen retreat away from the memories and into madness. The form of Owens poem is,therefore, built around three main points: the appearance of the men, theirexperiences, and the effect this has on their lives. In Graves poem the form isalso key to understanding the poem, but perhaps in a less obvious way. Recalling War has five stanzas, in a form that corresponds to thepsychological emotions and physical experience war provokes. The first stanzadescribes how Graves expects the war to be remembered twenty years after theevent: the wounds have healed and the blind and handicapped men forget theinjuries the war caused, as their memories are blurred by the distance of time;The one-legged man forgets his leg of wood. In the second stanzaGraves moves on to question the nature of war. This verse is a description ofthe atmosphere and setting of war. Even when the season was the airiestMay/ Down pressed the sky, and we, oppressed, thrust out. The third stanzafocuses on the battle itself, and the fourth explores the aftermath of battleand the unbearable nature of the war. The fifth and final stanza returns to theideas expressed in the first stanza, of war being an unreal memory. The form ofthis poem is crucial to its understanding. The progressions marked by thestanzas highlights the argument G raves is making. Mental Cases andRecalling War are both poems that rely on the atmosphere and tonethey create, indeed this is a key source of their power. Owen creates aterrifying atmosphere throughout the poem, which is clearly a reflection of hissubject matter. Not only does Owen describe in awful detail the shockingappearance of the men, he also includes horrific images of war. The tone is verypowerful, with Owen asking questions in the first stanza, but who arethese hellish?, a device which cleverly establishes direct contact withthe reader and an engaging discourse. This connection with the reader isexploited in the second verse, in which the reader experiences the full force ofOwens imagery. The final stanza opens with a tone that is factual: -Thustheir hands are plucking at each other, summarizing the fact that thesemen behave the way they do because of the events they have and are experiencing. Owen ends the poem by insisting on the complicity of both himself and the readerin the fate of these men, an accusation which, after the powerful prelude, ishard to deny. Whereas Owens poem is powerful as a result of its consistentlyhorrific atmosphere and tone, Graves poem changes tone from stanza to stanza,emulating the different stages of feeling a soldier experiences. The poem openswith a tone that is factual yet distant, as though an old tale were being toldAs when the morning traveller turns and views/His wild night-stumblingcarved into a hill. This tone emphasizes Graves description of dimlyremembered suffering which is fading into the distance: Entrance and exitwounds are silvered clean. The second stanza moves into a different tone,war is described as not only a war between countries, but a universal disasterNo mere discord of flags/ But an infection of the common sky. Thetone and atmosphere created are ominous, there is a feeling of anticipation andfear reminding the reader of soldiers waiting for battle: oppressed, thrust outBoastful tongue, clenched fist and valiant yard. Natural infirmities were out ofmode, For Death was young again The third stanza does not immediately changetone, however the feeling of fear increases as Graves dwells on thoughts ofpremature death and little on valiant yard. However, roughly halfway through the stanza the tone does change dramatically. The poem becomes notfearful but simple and clear, the necessities of life are described and the tonereminds the reader of an adrenaline filled soldier, thrilled with the battle andinstinct of survival, A weapon at the thigh, surgeons at call.. However, by the next stanza the battle is over and the experience of war assumesa hopeless guise. Everything good in the world has turned to ashesExtinction of each happy art and faith and the duty to fight turnsinto the duty to run mad. The tone of the poem is tragic, havingseen hope turn to fear, exhilaration and finally collapse. The powerful climaxof the poem in the fourth stanza is further emphasized in the last verse, as thetone returns to one of unreal memory. The poets voice is ironic with child-likenaivet?: Machine-guns rattle toy-like from a hill. The last lines of the poemchange in tone again as the poet describes a future of despair if the pastcannot be remembered with accuracy and acceptance: When learnedly the future wedevote To yet more boastful visions of despair. Both poets use a verydescriptive and revealing choice of vocabulary. One particular feature of Owenspoem is the use of alliteration to emphasize the image he is trying to create:Memory fingers in their hair of murders, Multitudinous murders The repetition ofthe m sound serves to increase the impact of the image, reminding the readerof a stammering, shell-shocked soldier. Thus their heads wear thishilarious, hideous is another example of alliteration. Owens choice ofwords such as slob, baring, swelters,hideous and flesh all help to increase the readershorror as theses words describe so well the nightmares the men are experiencing. Eygption pyramids EssayOwen maintains in his poem, that the mad men can and will never be able toforget the events they experienced in the war. Their scars will not becomesilvered clean, but remain unbearably painful. Graves poem beginsto examine the war that the men experienced throughout the second verse. Thestanza examines the build up and anticipation of battle, using a tone that is amixture of fear and anticipation. Graves uses pathetic fallacy, the weatherreflects the feelings of pressure and suppression that the soldiers experiencethe common sky/That sagged ominously upon the earth. This also givesthe impression that the soldiers do have to face not only the full might of theGerman army, but the strength of the elements too: Down pressed thesky. Graves then goes on to contrast the natural elements to the unnaturaldeath of the young men: Natural infirmities were out of mode, For Deathwas young again: Patron alone Of healthy dying, premature fate-spasm. This imageis particular ly effective as it personifies death, a device which brings deathcloser: the reader feels that death is approaching the waiting soldiers. Theenemy is no longer a distant storm, but an encroaching Patronlooking for his prey. This last line is also emotive of a dying person. Thecommas and hyphen give the line a jerky feel, like a spasm of death. The poetthen moves into the battle itself as the third stanza begins. This verse isparticularly interesting as it is full of images of antiqueness ofromance, images reminiscent of ancient tales of fighting men, concernedonly with wine, meat, log-fires, a roof over the head, an ancientchivalry and heroism. The men become purely physical beings, as your body issurely the primary concern on the battlefield and Our youth became allflesh and waived the mind.. The image conjures up pictures of youngsoldiers experiencing the adrenaline of danger, an emotion which leaves littletime to worry about the massacre which surrounds them, only swearing whenin lack of meat, wine, fire,/In ache of wounds beyond all surgeoning.The simple words Graves uses reflects the simple necessities and animal-likeinstincts the soldiers experience. The fourth stanza is the climax of the poem,the battle is over and the images are no longer simple and straight forward. Graves answers his question What, then, was war? with War wasfoundering of sublimities, Extinction of each happy art and faith. War hasdestroyed everything noble and impressive, everything that made life livable. After the physical exertion of the battle, Graves now presents the grimaftermath, where the mind begins to process the events it has just experienced. Graves presents an image of a fragile sanity which attempts to understand thewar Protesting logic or protesting love,. The stanza ends with theimage of a soldier finally breaking down under the weight of the immediatememories and his inability to reason the horrors he has witnessed: Until theunendurable moment struck- The inward scream, the duty to run mad. The lastverse of Graves poem returns to the ideas explored in the first stanza. Thepoets voice is ironic as he uses images from childhood to describe theterrifying war he displayed the previous verses. And we recall the merryways of guns-, the images make war sound child-like and unreal, the wordrecall reminds the reader of the poems title RecallingWar. It has the effect of almost silently posing the question, is thishow war should be recalled? The answer is of course evident having read theprevious stanzas, and the final lines of the poem just serve to confirm thereaders conclusions: When learnedly the future we devote To yet mor e boastfulvisions of despair This is a warning from Graves. He argues that our future willbe filled with the despair that his generation experienced if thehorror and brutalities are not remembered. Graves has used a wide variety ofimagery to create a complete picture of various stages that the soldierexperiences while at war, a powerful sequence of emotions that illustrate notonly the damage war does and the painful memories it creates, but the damagewhich can be done if these memories are forgotten or blurred. This contrastsdirectly with Owens poem that seeks to describe the damage done by war when itis not forgotten. Both poets discuss the scars that war leaves, both physicallyand mentally. Graves poem is very much a detached reflection on war, focusingon before, during and after effects of a battle in order to argue the point thatwar should not be forgotten. The immediate effect of war is very powerfullydescribed, but the long term scars are claimed to be forgettable andsilvered clean, a strong contrast with Owens view. Owens poemportrays the very personal effects war has, he describes people whom he has met. Indeed as a poet who spent some of the war in a mental institution for soldierscalled Craiglockhart, it is amazing that he is as detached as he is, consideringhe could well have been described as a mental case himself, as he sufferedfrom shell shock and nightmares.. Owens portrayal is gruesome and shocking,finally concluding by laying the responsibility for the madness at the feet ofthe reader and poet. This poem, not only demonstrates Owens view of the scarswar leaves on people, it also serves as a useful insight into the way in whichOwen was scarred by war. He clearly feels guilty at his survival, and he too ishaunted by the images of the dead that he describes, how else could they be sovivid? This is perhaps the most interesting aspect revealed by Owens poem, thescars left by war on a real human with the ability to express and communicatethe damage in such a way that the reader is not only shocked, but greatly moved. The poem has its intensity because Owen was writing it while in direct contactwith the mental cases whereas Graves is more distant as well as describing thememories of war. A poem which describes an inability to remember is far lessdisturbing than a poem which describes not being able to forget.

Developing Clinical Reasoning

Question: Complete the following sentences, then analyze the reasons for your answers. When my parents can no longer care for themselves, I will do what? If my parents were living in a long-term care facility, I would want the nurse to do what? When I am old, I want my family to do what? Answer: When my parents can no longer care for themselves, I will do what? When parents are old they cannot work at their maximum efficiency and they are unable to perform their daily routine hence it is advised to give them nursing or midwifery assistance. Proper nursing care is only be achieved by valuing and respecting elders and this way a basic care that would assist them in eating, drinking and they required a proper hygienic environment and these fundamental and essential care is must to be provided (Landefeld et. al., 1995 If my parents were living in a long-term care facility, I would want the nurse to do what? If the parents are old they require special care in a nursing care facility so that a proper help could be given to parents and role of family members is to identify the real and functional help by interdisciplinary consultation. Proper nurses have to support the parents as they are caregiver and they educate and support and they have to perform proper rehabilitative efforts even at the time when health of parents are ameliorating. Nurse should take care of complication that occurs with age and address some safety issue in fall injuries. It is essential for nurses to have knowledge of physical therapy which might be very useful in long term and ensures health safety (Lawton Brody, 1969). . When I am old, I want my family to do what? When I will grow old the main objective of family will be to maintain the daily routine that would help in maintaining cognitive and physical activity through socializing ourselves. Physical activeness in body will allow flexible visitation a well has it also promotes that habit of reading newspapers. Expertise nursed provides proper education and gives strategy to maintain the healthy life style and encountering the situation of functional decline. Refernces Lawton, M. P., Brody, E. M. (1969). Assessment of older people: Self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. Gerontologist, 9, 179186. Landefeld, C. S., Palmer, R. M., Kresevic, D. M., Fortinsky, R. I., Kowa, J. (1995). A randomized trial of care in a hospital medical unit especially designed to improve the functional outcomes of acutely ill older patients. New England Journal of Medicine, 332, 13381344

Probate Court free essay sample

IN THE PROBATE COURT OF COBB COUNTY STATE OF GEORGIA IN RE: ESTATE OF)ESTATE NO. ____________ ) ROSALYN PARKS/BOWMAN a/k/a ROSALYN)PETITION FOR LETTERS PARKS, f/k/a ROSALYN KELLY)OF ADMINISTRATION DECEASED TO THE HONORABLE JUDGE OF THE PROBATE COURT: The petition of EBONY FELICIA HARRIS whose domicile is/are 214 Maner Terrace, S. E. , Smyrna, Georgia 30080 , and whose mailing address(es) is/are SAME shows: 1. ROSALYN(nmn) PARKS/BOWMAN a/k/a , FirstMiddleLast Name ROSALYN PARKS, f/k/a ROSALYN KELLY, whose domicile was 2542 Dogwood Hills Ct. Austell Street City CobbGeorgia, departed this life on June 9, 2010, intestate, leaving an estate of real property County State located in none County(ies), Georgia, having a total fair market value of approximately $ 0. 00 and personal property as follows (provide approximate value): a. cash/bank accounts/certificates of deposit$ 10,000. 00 b. stocks/bonds/brokerage accounts$ 0. 00 c. other assets of significant value (list) $ Minimal unknown value Life insurance policies on granchildren APPROXIMATE TOTAL$ 10,000. 00 2. Under the law, it is necessary that said estate be administered; and EBONY FELICIA HARRIS should be appointed Administrator(s) by reason of (initial one): a. being unanimously selected by all the heirs. (This alternative does not apply if the surviving spouse is the sole heir and an action for divorce or separate maintenance was pending at the time of decedent’s death. ) b. being the surviving spouse where no action for divorce or separate maintenance was pending at the time of decedent’s death. X c. eing (an) heir(s) and not the surviving spouse. d. having been selected by a majority in interest of the heirs. e. being (an) eligible person(s) as defined by O. C. G. A. Â §53-6-1. f. being (a) creditor(s) of the decedent (evidence of the indebtedness is attached). g. being the county administrator. 3. Listed below are the names of all the decedent’s heirs with the age or majority status, address, and relationship to decedent set op posite the name of each: NameAge (or over 18)AddressRelationship Eric Bowmanover 18Inmate No. 08R3408 Husband Riverview Correctional Facility P. O. Box 247, Ogdensburg, NY 13669 Ebony Felicia Harrisover 18214 Maner Terrace, S. E. Daughter Smyrna, GA 30080 Nicole Kimberly Lewisover 182950 S. Cobb Dr. , Apt 1902 Daughter Marietta, GA 30080 4. Required: Make a definitive statement with sufficient factual information to enable the court to conclude that all of the heirs of the decedent are included and that there are no heirs of similar or higher degree according to O. C. G. A. Â §53-2-1. Provide the names of any deceased heirs and include the date of death for each. (See instructions for further clarification. Also, state here all pertinent facts which may govern the method of giving notice to any party and which may determine whether or not a guardian ad litem should be appointed for any party. If any heirs listed above are cousins, grandchildren, nephews or nieces of the decedent, please indicate the deceased ancestor through whom they are related to the decedent. Additional Data: Where full particulars are lacking, state here the reasons for any such omission. Decedent was married at the time of her death and had no children born, adopted, living or deceased other than listed herein. . (Petitioner(s) MUST initial one): X(a) All heirs have consented to the waiver of bond and/or grant of certain powers contained in O. C. G. A. Â §53-12-261 to the Administrator(s). Therefore, the Petitioner(s) hereby move(s) the Court to publish notice of the filing of the Petition and tender(s) with this Petition publication fees. (b) The identities and/or addresses of all heirs are not known. Therefore, the Petitioner(s) hereby move(s) the Court to publish notice of the filing of the Petition, and tender(s) with this Petition publication fees. c) Notice of this Petition need not be published because the Petitioner(s) has/have listed all heirs at law and their addresses, and Petitioner(s) is/are not requesting a waiver of bond and returns or the grant of powers contained in O. C. G. A. Â § 53-12-261. 6. To the knowl edge of the petitioner(s), no other proceedings with respect to this estate are pending, or have been completed, in any other probate court in this state. WHEREFORE, petitioner(s) pray(s) that 1. service be perfected and 2. that if no good cause is shown to the contrary, EBONY FELICIA HARRIS be appointed Administrator(s) of the estate of said decedent. ______________________________________ Signature of first petitioner Signature of second petitioner, if any EBONY FELICIA HARRIS_______________________________________ Printed NamePrinted Name 214 Maner Terrace, S. E. _______________________________________ AddressAddress Smyrna, Georgia 30080_______________________________________ 404-821-4760_______________________________________ Telephone NumberTelephone Number Signature of Attorney:___________________________________________ Typed/printed name of Attorney:Stephen F. Carley Address: 3060 Peachtree Road, Suite 920 Atlanta, Georgia 30305 Telephone:404-352-0700 State Bar #109500 VERIFICATION GEORGIA, COBB COUNTY Personally appeared before me the undersigned petitioner(s) who on oath state(s) that the facts set forth in the foregoing petition are true. Sworn to and subscribed before me this day of , 20 . _______________________________________ Signature of First Petitioner EBONY FELICIA HARRIS NOTARY/CLERK OF PROBATE COURT Printed Name My Commission Expires_________________ - Sworn to and subscribed before me this day of , 20 . _______________________________________ Signature of Second Petitioner, if any _______________________________________ NOTARY/CLERK OF PROBATE COURT Printed Name My Commission Expires__________________ SELECTION BY HEIRS (AND CONSENT OF HEIRS TO WAIVER OF BOND AND/OR GRANT OF CERTAIN POWERS) Note:If an heir is not sui juris, the guardian appointed by the Court or the person that the Court determined may act as guardian is authorized to consent for such non sui juris heir in accordance with the instruction page to this form. GEORGIA, COBB COUNTYESTATE NO. ______________ We, being (all of the) heirs of the estate of ROSALYN PARKS/BOWMAN a/k/a ROSALYN PARKS, f/k/a ROSALYN KELLY, deceased, and being sui juris unless otherwise indicated, do hereby acknowledge service, waive all further notice, and select EBONY FELICIA HARRIS to act as Administrator(s) of the estate of said decedent. Further, if so indicated below, we hereby grant to the Administrator(s) the additional powers contained in (a) and/or (b) below. a. (optional; initial if applicable) In addition to selecting the above individual, I hereby consent to the waiver of bond for said Administrator(s) and the grant to said Administrator(s) the power to serve without making and filing inventory and without filing an annual or other returns or reports to any court. b. (optional; initial if applicable) In addition to selecting the above individual, I hereby consent to the grant to the Administrator(s) all of the powers contained in O. C. G. A. Â §53-12-261 not included in (a) above. Sworn to and subscribed before me this day of , 20 . ______________________________________ SIGNATURE OF HEIR EBONY FELICIA HARRIS NOTARY/CLERK OF PROBATE COURT PRINTED NAME My Commission Expires_______________ - SELECTION BY HEIRS (AND CONSENT OF HEIRS TO WAIVER OF BOND AND/OR GRANT OF CERTAIN POWERS) Note:If an heir is not sui juris, the guardian appointed by the Court or the person that the Court determined may act as guardian is authorized to consent for such non sui juris heir in accordance with the instruction page to this form. GEORGIA, COBB COUNTYESTATE NO. ______________ We, being (all of the) heirs of the estate of ROSALYN PARKS/BOWMAN a/k/a ROSALYN PARKS, f/k/a ROSALYN KELLY, deceased, and being sui juris unless otherwise indicated, do hereby acknowledge service, waive all further notice, and select EBONY FELICIA HARRIS to act as Administrator(s) of the estate of said decedent. Further, if so indicated below, we hereby grant to the Administrator(s) the additional powers contained in (a) and/or (b) below. a. (optional; initial if applicable) In addition to selecting the above individual, I hereby consent to the waiver of bond for said Administrator(s) and the grant to said Administrator(s) the power to serve without making and filing inventory and without filing an annual or other returns or reports to any court. b. (optional; initial if applicable) In addition to selecting the above individual, I hereby consent to the grant to the Administrator(s) all of the powers contained in O. C. G. A. Â §53-12-261 not included in (a) above. Sworn to and subscribed before me this day of , 20 . ______________________________________ SIGNATURE OF HEIR NICOLE KIMBERLY LEWIS NOTARY/CLERK OF PROBATE COURT PRINTED NAME My Commission Expires_______________ - SELECTION BY HEIRS (AND CONSENT OF HEIRS TO WAIVER OF BOND AND/OR GRANT OF CERTAIN POWERS) Note:If an heir is not sui juris, the guardian appointed by the Court or the erson that the Court determined may act as guardian is authorized to consent for such non sui juris heir in accordance with the instruction page to this form. GEORGIA, COBB COUNTYESTATE NO. ______________ We, being (all of the) heirs of the estate of ROSALYN PARKS/BOWMAN a/k/a ROSALYN PARKS, f/k/a ROSALYN KELLY, deceased, and being sui juris unless otherwise indicated, do hereby acknowledge service, waive all further notice, and select EBONY FELICIA HARRIS to act as Administrator(s) of the estate of said decedent. Further, if so indicated below, we hereby gran t to the Administrator(s) the additional powers contained in (a) and/or (b) below. . (optional; initial if applicable) In addition to selecting the above individual, I hereby consent to the waiver of bond for said Administrator(s) and the grant to said Administrator(s) the power to serve without making and filing inventory and without filing an annual or other returns or reports to any court. b. (optional; initial if applicable) In addition to selecting the above individual, I hereby consent to the grant to the Administrator(s) all of the powers contained in O. C. G. A. Â §53-12-261 not included in (a) above. Sworn to and subscribed before e this day of , 20 . ______________________________________ SIGNATURE OF HEIR ERIC BOWMAN NOTARY/CLERK OF PROBATE COURT PRINTED NAME My Commission Expires_______________ - IN THE PROBATE COURT OF COBB COUNTY STATE OF GEORGIA IN RE: ESTATE OF)ESTATE NO. ____________ ) ROSALYN PARKS/BOWMAN a/k/a ROSALYN)PETITION FOR LETTERS PARKS, f/k/a ROSALYN KEL LY)OF ADMINISTRATION DECEASED FINAL ORDER The petition of EBONY FELICIA HARRIS for issuance of Letters of Administration on the estate of ROSALYN PARKS/BOWMAN a/k/a ROSALYN PARKS, f/k/a ROSALYN KELLY, deceased, has been duly filed. Service was perfected according to law. It appears that said decedent died domiciled in said county, intestate; that EBONY FELICIA HARRIS is/are lawfully qualified for said administration; and that no objection has been offered. (Initial if applicable. ) Such petition contained a request for waiver of bond and/or grant of certain powers contained in O. C. G. A. Â §53-12-261. The notice which was issued and published reflected this, and no objection to the request has been filed. Consent to such request was given by all heirs. IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that the undersigned judge does hereby: (Initial all which apply:) a. waive the bond of the Administrator(s) and grant to the Administrator(s) the power to serve without making and filing inventory, and without filing any annual or other returns or reports to any court; but the fiduciary(ies) shall furnish to the income beneficiaries, at least annually, a statement of receipts and disbursements. b. grant to the Administrator(s) all of the powers contained in O. C. G. A. Â §53-12-261 not included in (a) above. IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that the person(s) found above in this order to be qualified for such office be, and is/are hereby, appointed Administrator(s) of the estate of said decedent, and that appropriate Letters be issued upon said Administrator’s(s’) (giving bond with approved surety in the sum of $ and) taking the oath as provided by law. (Initial if applicable. ) IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that said Administrator(s) shall not make any distribution to a person for the benefit of a minor unless that person is qualified to receive such funds according to law. SO ORDERED this day of , 20 . _________________________________ Probate Judge OATH Georgia, COBB County I do solemnly swear or affirm that ROSALYN PARKS/BOWMAN a/k/a ROSALYN PARKS, f/k/a ROSALYN KELLY, deceased, died intestate, so far as I know or believe, and that I will well and truly administer on all the estate of the decedent, and disburse the same as the law requires, and discharge to the best of my ability all my duties as Administrator. So help me God. Sworn to and subscribed before me this day of , 20 . ______________________________________ Administrator EBONY FELICIA HARRIS CLERK OF PROBATE COURT Printed Name - Sworn to and subscribed before me this day of , 20 . ______________________________________ Administrator _____________________________________ CLERK OF PROBATE COURT Printed Name STATE OF GEORGIA COUNTY OF COBBESTATE NO. ___________________ LETTERS OF ADMINISTRATION (Bond Waived and/or Certain Powers Granted at Time of Appointment) By KELLI L. WOLK, Judge of the Probate Court of said County. WHEREAS, ROSALYN PARKS/BOWMAN a/k/a ROSALYN PARKS, f/k/a ROSALYN KELLY, died intestate (check one:) X domiciled in this County; not domiciled in this State, but owning property in this County; nd this Court granted an order appointing EBONY FELICIA HARRIS as Administrator(s) of the estate of said decedent, on condition that said Administrator(s) give oath as required by law; and the said Administrator(s) having compli ed with said condition; the Court hereby grants unto said Administrator(s) full power to collect the assets of said decedent, and to pay the debts of said estate, so far as such assets will extend, according to law, and then to pay over the balance, if any, to the heirs of said decedent, and to do and perform all other duties as such Administrator(s), according to the laws of this State. In addition, this Court has: (Initial all which apply:) a. waived the bond of the Administrator(s) and granted to the Administrator(s) the power to serve without filing an inventory, and without filing any annual or other returns or reports to any court; but the fiduciary shall furnish to the income beneficiaries, at least annually, a statement of receipts and disbursements. b. granted to the Administrator(s) all of the powers contained in O. C. G. A. Â §53-12-261 not included in (a) above. IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, I have hereunto affixed my signature as Judge of the Probate Court of said County and the seal of this office this day of , 2011. ____________________________________ Judge of the Probate Court NOTE: The following must be signed if the judge does not sign the original of this document: Issued by: (Seal) Clerk, Probate Court (SEE INSTRUCTIONS ON REVERSE SIDE)

Airplanes - How Man Conquered Flight essays

Airplanes - How Man Conquered Flight essays Airplanes, engine-driven vehicles that fly through the air, have evolved in less than a century into one of the most important inventions in history. Every day, airplanes commute people and goods great distances. Over the last 100 years, they have been developed and perfected from simple gliders to sea planes, commercial planes, space shuttles, and military aircrafts, which have helped America win wars. But how did these aircrafts come to be, and how have they helped America become what it is today? It all started before the end of the 18th century. Few people had applied themselves to the study of flight. One was Leonardo da Vinci, during the 15th century. Leonardo was preoccupied chiefly with bird flight and with flapping-wing machines, called ornithopters. His aeronautical work lay unknown until late in the 19th century, when it became a source of inspiration to engineers. Apart from Leonardos efforts, three devices important to aviation had been invented in Europe in the Middle Ages and had reached a high stage of development by Leonardos time: the windmill, an early propeller, the kite, an early airplane wing, and the model helicopter. Between 1799 and 1809 English baronet Sir George Cayley created the concept of the modern airplane. Cayley abandoned the ornithopter tradition, in which both lift and thrust are provided by the wings, and designed airplanes with rigid wings to provide lift, and with separate propelling devices to provide thrust. Cayley laid the foundations of aerodynamics. He demonstrated, both with models and with full-sized gliders, the use of the inclined plane to provide lift, pitch, and roll stability. In 1853, in his third full-sized machine, Cayley sent his coachman on the first gliding flight in history. In 1890 French engineer Clement Ader built a steam-powered airplane and made the first actual flight of a piloted, heavier-than-air craft. However, the flight was not sustained, and the ...

Bio of Ma Rainey, Influential Early Blues Singer

Bio of Ma Rainey, Influential Early Blues Singer Born Gertrude Pridgett, Ma Rainey (April 26, 1886 - December 22, 1939) was one of the first blues singers to record music. Nicknamed the â€Å"Mother of the Blues,† she recorded more than 100 singles, including the hits â€Å"Prove it on Me Blues,† â€Å"See See Rider Blues,† and â€Å"Don’t Fish in My Sea.† Fast Facts: Ma Rainey Occupation: Blues singerNickname: Mother of the BluesBorn: 1882 or 1886 in either Russell County, Alabama, or Columbus, GeorgiaParents: Thomas and Ella PridgettDied: Dec. 22, 1939 in Columbus, GeorgiaTop Songs: Prove it on Me Blues, See See Rider Blues, Don’t Fish in My Sea, Bo-Weavil BluesKey Accomplishments: 1990 Rock Roll Hall of Fame inductee, 1990 Blues Foundation Hall of Fame Inductee, 1994 US postage stamp honoree Early Years Gertrude Pridgett was the second child born to minstrel show performers Thomas and Ella Pridgett. Her birthplace is often listed as Columbus, Ga., and her birth year is widely reported as 1886. However, census records indicate that the singer was born September 1882 in Russell County, Alabama. Her singing career took off during her early teens. Like many African Americans, she honed her musical skills in church. By 1900, she was singing and dancing in Georgia’s Springer Opera House, now a National Historic Landmark. A number of artists have performed at the theater, including Buffalo Bill, John Philip Sousa, Burt Reynolds, and Oscar Wilde. Rainey, however, stands out as one of the early greats to do so.   In addition to the career success she enjoyed as a young woman, Rainey hit a milestone in her personal life when she married performer William â€Å"Pa† Rainey on February 2, 1904. The couple performed as â€Å"Ma† and â€Å"Pa† Rainey throughout the South. Traveling so much, especially in rural areas, is what led Ma Rainey to first hear the blues, a new art form at the time.   Blues combined African-American spirituals with African musical customs, such as â€Å"blue,† or flat notes. Performers would typically repeat the same lines, and the lyrics often discussed heartache or struggles of some sort. When Rainey first heard a singer perform the blues, the woman described a man who’d left her. Rainey had never heard anything like it. Introduced in the late 1800s, the blues paved the way for several different music genres, namely RB and rock-n-roll. Ma Rainey came to love the genre so much that she soon started performing blues songs. Her performances thrilled audiences, putting her on the path to become one of the early blues greats. Some scholars have said Rainey influenced younger performers, such as Bessie Smith, the blues singer she met in 1912. But it’s unclear if Rainey really acted as a mentor to Smith, whose singing style differed from hers. Well into the 1910s, Rainey continued to enjoy musical success, performing with Fat Chappelles Rabbit Foot Minstrels as well as Tollivers Circus and Musical Extravaganza. Their shows included chorus lines, acrobats, and comedy acts. When Rainey sang at the end of the program, she looked every bit the stage diva, turning up in showy jewelry, like diamond headpieces and necklaces made of cash. She even had gold teeth, which complemented the gold gowns she wore.   A Hitmaker for Paramount Records In 1916, Rainey began performing without her husband because the two had separated. She did not publicly identify as a lesbian, but some of her later musical lyrics and an arrest for throwing an â€Å"indecent† party toward the end of her career suggest she had romantic relationships with women. The newly single Rainey performed with her own backing band, billing herself as Madam Gertrude â€Å"Ma† Rainey and Her Georgia Smart Sets. Ma Rainey was one of the earliest recording artists to perform blues music. Photo by Donaldson Collection/Getty Images Rainey cut several songs for Paramount Records in 1923. They included the hits Bad Luck Blues, Bo-Weavil Blues, Moonshine Blues, and Those All Night Long Blues. Mamie Smith recorded the earliest blues single three years before. Rainey may not have been the first blues recording artist, but she had a prolific output. She went on to record about 100 blues tracks, and Dead Drunk Blues was among the most popular. Her songs had many themes. The lyrics, like those of many blues songs, focused on romantic relationships; they also discussed drinking and traveling as well as the African-American folk magic known as hoodoo. Although Rainey started out performing in the South, the success of her records led to a tour in the North, where she had dates in cities like Chicago with her backup ensemble, the Wildcats Jazz Band. In the following years, Rainey performed with a number of talented musicians, most famously Louis Armstrong. In 1928, Rainey’s music career began to slow down, as her type of blues fell out of fashion. Paramount did not renew her contract, despite the slew of hits she’d performed for the record label. One of the last tracks she recorded, Prove It On Me Blues, openly discussed her sexual orientation. â€Å"Went out last night with a crowd of my friends,† Rainey sang. â€Å"They must’ve been women, ‘cause I don’t like no men. It’s true I wear a collar and tie. Makes the wind blow all the while.† In the promotional image for the song, Rainey is drawn wearing a suit and a hat, speaking with a few women as a policeman eyes her. The song and the image allude to a women-only party Rainey threw 1925. It got so rowdy that a neighbor complained to the police. The women were getting affectionate with one another when the officer arrived, and as party host, Rainey was arrested for throwing an indecent party. While the singer could not openly identify as a lesbian during this era, she is regarded as a gay icon today. She’s one of the recording artists featured in Robert Philipson’s 2011 documentary T’Ain’t Nobody’s Bizness: Queer Blues Divas of the 1920s. Ma Rainey’s Impact Today Although Rainey stopped recording new music in the late 1920s, she continued to perform, simply at much smaller venues than she had during the height of her career. In 1935, she retired from the industry, returning to her hometown of Columbus, Ga. There, she purchased two movie halls- the Lyric and Airdome theaters. Ma Rainey died from a heart attack on Dec. 22, 1939.   She may have been a singer, but Rainey has been a major influence on black literature and drama. Poets Langston Hughes and Sterling Allen Brown both alluded to her in their works. The August Wilson play â€Å"Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom† directly referenced the singer as well. And Alice Walker based blues singer Shug Avery, a character in her Pulitzer Prize-winning novel â€Å"The Color Purple,† on artists like Ma Rainey and Bessie Smith. In 1990, Rainey was inducted into the Blues Foundation’s Hall of Fame and the Rock Roll Hall of Fame. Four years later, the US Postal Service issued a postage stamp in the blues singer’s honor. Her home in Columbus, Ga., became a museum in her honor in 2007. Sources Freedman, Samuel J. What Black Writers Owe to Music. New York Times, 14 October 1984.Giaimo, Cara. The Queer Black Woman Who Reinvented The Blues. Atlas Obscura, 27 April 2016.ONeal, Jim. Ma Rainey. The Blues Foundation, 10 November 2016.